Extended Migration Generators for Laravel 6, 7, 8 and 9
, (*1)
Easily define the migration schema right in your make:migration command. The new commands this package provides are:
- make:migration:schema
- make:migration:pivot, (*2)
Which allows you to do php artisan make:migration:schema create_dogs_table --schema="name:string:nullable, description:text, age:integer, email:string:unique" and get a full migration that you can run using php artisan migrate. For simple cases like this one, no need to tinker inside the migration file itself. And if you do need to change anything, it's easier because the bulk of the code has already been generated., (*3)
Created in 2015 by Jeffrey Way as a natural progression of his JeffreyWay/Laravel-4-Generators package, to provide the same features for Laravel 5. Since 2017 it's been maintained by the Backpack for Laravel team, with features and fixes added by community members like you. So feel free to pitch in., (*4)
, (*5)
Table of Contents
Versions
Depending on your Laravel version, you should:
- use JeffreyWay/Laravel-4-Generators for Laravel 4;
- use v1 of this package for Laravel 5.0 - 5.8;
- use v2 of this package for Laravel 6-8;, (*6)
Installation
You can install v2 of this project using composer, the service provider will be automatically loaded by Laravel itself:, (*7)
composer require --dev laracasts/generators
You're all set. Run php artisan from the console, and you'll see the new commands in the make:* namespace section., (*8)
Examples
Migrations With Schema
php artisan make:migration:schema create_users_table --schema="username:string, email:string:unique"
Notice the format that we use, when declaring any applicable schema: a comma-separated list..., (*9)
COLUMN_NAME:COLUMN_TYPE
So any of these will do:, (*10)
username:string
body:text
age:integer
published_at:date
excerpt:text:nullable
email:string:unique:default('foo@example.com')
Using the schema from earlier..., (*11)
--schema="username:string, email:string:unique"
...this will give you:, (*12)
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
class CreateUsersTable extends Migration {
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('users', function(Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('username');
$table->string('email')->unique();
$table->timestamps();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::drop('users');
}
}
When generating migrations with schema, the name of your migration (like, "create_users_table") matters. We use it to figure out what you're trying to accomplish. In this case, we began with the "create" keyword, which signals that we want to create a
new table., (*13)
Alternatively, we can use the "remove" or "add" keywords, and the generated boilerplate will adapt, as needed. Let's create a migration to remove a column., (*14)
php artisan make:migration:schema remove_user_id_from_posts_table --schema="user_id:integer"
Now, notice that we're using the correct Schema methods., (*15)
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
class RemoveUserIdFromPostsTable extends Migration {
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::table('posts', function(Blueprint $table) {
$table->dropColumn('user_id');
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::table('posts', function(Blueprint $table) {
$table->integer('user_id');
});
}
}
Here's a few other examples of commands that you might write:, (*16)
php artisan make:migration:schema create_posts_tablephp artisan make:migration:schema create_posts_table --schema="title:string, body:text, excerpt:string:nullable"php artisan make:migration:schema remove_excerpt_from_posts_table --schema="excerpt:string:nullable"
Models
Now, when you create a migration, you typically want a model to go with it, right? By default, this package won't create a model to go with the migration. But it could. Just specify --model=true and it will do that for you:, (*17)
php artisan make:migration:schema create_dogs_table --schema="name:string" --model=true
Migration Path
If you wish to specify a different path for your migration file, you can use the --path option like so:, (*18)
php artisan make:migration:schema create_dogs_table --path=\database\migrations\pets
Foreign Constraints
There's also a secret bit of sugar for when you need to generate foreign constraints. Imagine that you have a posts table, where each post belongs to a user. Let's try:, (*19)
php artisan make:migration:schema create_posts_table --schema="user_id:unsignedInteger:foreign, title:string, body:text"
Notice that "foreign" option (user_id:unsignedInteger:foreign)? That's special. It signals that user_id should receive a foreign constraint. Following conventions, this will give us:, (*20)
$table->unsignedInteger('user_id');
$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users');
As such, for that full command, our schema should look like so:, (*21)
Schema::create('posts', function(Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->unsignedInteger('user_id');
$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users');
$table->string('title');
$table->text('body');
$table->timestamps();
);
Neato., (*22)
Pivot Tables
So you need a migration to setup a pivot table in your database? Easy. We can scaffold the whole class with a single command., (*23)
php artisan make:migration:pivot tags posts
Here we pass, in any order, the names of the two tables that we need a joining/pivot table for. This will give you:, (*24)
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
class CreatePostTagPivotTable extends Migration {
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('post_tag', function(Blueprint $table) {
$table->integer('post_id')->unsigned()->index();
$table->foreign('post_id')->references('id')->on('posts')->onDelete('cascade');
$table->integer('tag_id')->unsigned()->index();
$table->foreign('tag_id')->references('id')->on('tags')->onDelete('cascade');
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::drop('post_tag');
}
}
Notice that the naming conventions are being followed here, regardless of what order you pass the table names., (*25)
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