webby/php-routing

a simple routing php

PHP Router

PHP Router is a simple and efficient routing library designed for PHP applications. It provides a straightforward way to define routes, handle HTTP requests, and generate URLs. Built with PSR-7 message implementation in mind, it seamlessly integrates with PHP applications., _(*1)

Installation

You can install PHP Router via Composer. Just run:, _(*2)

Composer Require

composer require phpdevcommunity/php-router

Requirements

• PHP version 7.4 or above
• Enable URL rewriting on your web server
• Optional: PSR-7 HTTP Message package (e.g., guzzlehttp/psr7)

Usage

1. Define Routes: Define routes using the Route class provided by PHP Router., _(*3)

2. Initialize Router: Initialize the Router class with the defined routes., _(*4)

3. Match Requests: Match incoming HTTP requests to defined routes., _(*5)

4. Handle Requests: Handle matched routes by executing appropriate controllers or handlers., _(*6)

5. Generate URLs: Generate URLs for named routes., _(*7)

Example

<?php
class IndexController {

    public function __invoke()
    {
        return 'Hello world!!';
    }
}

class ArticleController {

    public function getAll()
    {
        // db get all post
        return json_encode([
            ['id' => 1],
            ['id' => 2],
            ['id' => 3]
        ]);
    }

    public function get(int $id)
    {
        // db get post by id
        return json_encode(['id' => $id]);
    }

    public function put(int $id)
    {
        // db edited post by id
        return json_encode(['id' => $id]);
    }

    public function post()
    {
        // db create post
        return json_encode(['id' => 4]);
    }
}

// Define your routes
$routes = [
    new \PhpDevCommunity\Route('home_page', '/', [IndexController::class]),
    new \PhpDevCommunity\Route('api_articles_collection', '/api/articles', [ArticleController::class, 'getAll']),
    new \PhpDevCommunity\Route('api_articles', '/api/articles/{id}', [ArticleController::class, 'get']),
];

// Initialize the router
$router = new \PhpDevCommunity\Router($routes, 'http://localhost');

try {
    // Match incoming request
    $route = $router->match(ServerRequestFactory::fromGlobals());

    // Handle the matched route
    $handler = $route->getHandler();
    $attributes = $route->getAttributes();
    $controllerName = $handler[0];
    $methodName = $handler[1] ?? null;
    $controller = new $controllerName();

    // Invoke the controller method
    if (!is_callable($controller)) {
        $controller =  [$controller, $methodName];
    }
    echo $controller(...array_values($attributes));

} catch (\PhpDevCommunity\Exception\MethodNotAllowed $exception) {
    header("HTTP/1.0 405 Method Not Allowed");
    exit();
} catch (\PhpDevCommunity\Exception\RouteNotFound $exception) {
    header("HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found");
    exit();
}

Features

• Lightweight and easy-to-use
• Supports HTTP method-based routing
• Flexible route definition with attribute constraints
• Exception handling for method not allowed and route not found scenarios

Route Definition

Routes can be defined using the Route class provided by PHP Router. You can specify HTTP methods, attribute constraints, and handler methods for each route., _(*8)

$route = new \PhpDevCommunity\Route('api_articles_post', '/api/articles', [ArticleController::class, 'post'], ['POST']);
$route = new \PhpDevCommunity\Route('api_articles_put', '/api/articles/{id}', [ArticleController::class, 'put'], ['PUT']);

Easier Route Definition with Static Methods

To make route definition even simpler and more intuitive, the RouteTrait provides static methods for creating different types of HTTP routes. Here's how to use them:, _(*9)

Method get()

/**
 * Creates a new GET route with the given name, path, and handler.
 *
 * @param string $name The name of the route.
 * @param string $path The path of the route.
 * @param mixed $handler The handler for the route.
 * @return BaseRoute The newly created GET route.
 */
public static function get(string $name, string $path, $handler): BaseRoute
{
    return new BaseRoute($name, $path, $handler);
}

Example Usage:, _(*10)

$route = Route::get('home', '/', [HomeController::class, 'index']);

Method post()

/**
 * Creates a new POST route with the given name, path, and handler.
 *
 * @param string $name The name of the route.
 * @param string $path The path of the route.
 * @param mixed $handler The handler for the route.
 * @return BaseRoute The newly created POST route.
 */
public static function post(string $name, string $path, $handler): BaseRoute
{
    return new BaseRoute($name, $path, $handler, ['POST']);
}

Example Usage:, _(*11)

$route = Route::post('submit_form', '/submit', [FormController::class, 'submit']);

Method put()

/**
 * Creates a new PUT route with the given name, path, and handler.
 *
 * @param string $name The name of the route.
 * @param string $path The path of the route.
 * @param mixed $handler The handler for the route.
 * @return BaseRoute The newly created PUT route.
 */
public static function put(string $name, string $path, $handler): BaseRoute
{
    return new BaseRoute($name, $path, $handler, ['PUT']);
}

Example Usage:, _(*12)

$route = Route::put('update_item', '/item/{id}', [ItemController::class, 'update']);

Method delete()

/**
 * Creates a new DELETE route with the given name, path, and handler.
 *
 * @param string $name The name of the route.
 * @param string $path The path of the route.
 * @param mixed $handler The handler for the route.
 * @return BaseRoute The newly created DELETE route.
 */
public static function delete(string $name, string $path, $handler): BaseRoute
{
    return new BaseRoute($name, $path, $handler, ['DELETE']);
}

Example Usage:, _(*13)

$route = Route::delete('delete_item', '/item/{id}', [ItemController::class, 'delete']);

With these static methods, defining routes becomes a breeze, providing a smoother and more efficient way to handle routing in your PHP application., _(*14)

Using where Constraints in the Route Object

The Route object allows you to define constraints on route parameters using the where methods. These constraints validate and filter parameter values based on regular expressions. Here's how to use them:, _(*15)

Method whereNumber()

This method applies a numeric constraint to the specified route parameters., _(*16)

/**
 * Sets a number constraint on the specified route parameters.
 *
 * @param mixed ...$parameters The route parameters to apply the constraint to.
 * @return self The updated Route instance.
 */
public function whereNumber(...$parameters): self
{
    $this->assignExprToParameters($parameters, '[0-9]+');
    return $this;
}

Example Usage:, _(*17)

$route = (new Route('example', '/example/{id}'))->whereNumber('id');

Method whereSlug()

This method applies a slug constraint to the specified route parameters, allowing alphanumeric characters and hyphens., _(*18)

/**
 * Sets a slug constraint on the specified route parameters.
 *
 * @param mixed ...$parameters The route parameters to apply the constraint to.
 * @return self The updated Route instance.
 */
public function whereSlug(...$parameters): self
{
    $this->assignExprToParameters($parameters, '[a-z0-9-]+');
    return $this;
}

Example Usage:, _(*19)

$route = (new Route('article', '/article/{slug}'))->whereSlug('slug');

Method whereAlphaNumeric()

This method applies an alphanumeric constraint to the specified route parameters., _(*20)

/**
 * Sets an alphanumeric constraint on the specified route parameters.
 *
 * @param mixed ...$parameters The route parameters to apply the constraint to.
 * @return self The updated Route instance.
 */
public function whereAlphaNumeric(...$parameters): self
{
    $this->assignExprToParameters($parameters, '[a-zA-Z0-9]+');
    return $this;
}

Example Usage:, _(*21)

$route = (new Route('user', '/user/{username}'))->whereAlphaNumeric('username');

Method whereAlpha()

This method applies an alphabetic constraint to the specified route parameters., _(*22)

/**
 * Sets an alphabetic constraint on the specified route parameters.
 *
 * @param mixed ...$parameters The route parameters to apply the constraint to.
 * @return self The updated Route instance.
 */
public function whereAlpha(...$parameters): self
{
    $this->assignExprToParameters($parameters, '[a-zA-Z]+');
    return $this;
}

Example Usage:, _(*23)

$route = (new Route('category', '/category/{name}'))->whereAlpha('name');

Method where()

This method allows you to define a custom constraint on a specified route parameter., _(*24)

/**
 * Sets a custom constraint on the specified route parameter.
 *
 * @param string $parameter The route parameter to apply the constraint to.
 * @param string $expression The regular expression constraint.
 * @return self The updated Route instance.
 */
public function where(string $parameter, string $expression): self
{
    $this->wheres[$parameter] = $expression;
    return $this;
}

Example Usage:, _(*25)

$route = (new Route('product', '/product/{code}'))->where('code', '\d{4}');

By using these where methods, you can apply precise constraints on your route parameters, ensuring proper validation of input values., _(*26)

Generating URLs

Generate URLs for named routes using the generateUri method., _(*27)

echo $router->generateUri('home_page'); // /
echo $router->generateUri('api_articles', ['id' => 1]); // /api/articles/1
echo $router->generateUri('api_articles', ['id' => 1], true); // http://localhost/api/articles/1

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Feel free to open issues or submit pull requests to help improve the library., _(*28)

License

This library is open-source software licensed under the MIT license., _(*29)